Table of contents
- → Volume Abstract: "Inventing the Post-Soviet Public Sphere: Media Culture of the Russian 1990s" by Maya Vinokour
- → Introduction. “From Perestroika and the ‘Wild’ 1990s to ‘Putin’s Russia’: A Multimedia History” by Maya Vinokour
- → Chapter 1. “The Sociological Turn: Public Opinion Polling and the Dream of an Open Society” by Bradley Gorski
- → Chapter 2. “The Disappearing Reader: The Disintegration of the Press-Reader Relationship in the Soviet/Post-Soviet Press, 1985-1995” by Courtney Doucette
- → Chapter 3. “Russian Media in the 1990s, Fully Disclosed: Gore, Tabloids, and Countercultural Nationalism” by Fabrizio Fenghi
- → Chapter 4. “The Rock-and-Roll State: Popular Music, Print Media, and Soviet Bureaucracy” by Rita Safariants
- → Chapter 5. “B.U.Kashkin: The Underground Seeking the Public in the 1990s” by Daniil Leiderman
- → Chapter 6. “Russia’s Gay (and Not-So-Gay) Nineties: Sexual and Gender-Expression Pluralism in the first post-Soviet Decade” by Thomas Keenan
- → Chapter 7. “The Revolution of the New Narod: Perestroika, GKChP, and the Televised Post-Soviet Subject at Vzgliad/ ViD” by Pavel Khazanov
- → Chapter 8. “Memory and Media in Post-Soviet Russia: The 1990s to the Present” by Maya Vinokour
Chapter 3. “Russian Media in the 1990s, Fully Disclosed: Gore, Tabloids, and Countercultural Nationalism”
This chapter focuses on three overlapping sets of issues. The first is the emergence of sensationalist reporting and, more generally, of tabloids [zheltaya pressa] in Russia during perestroika and the 1990s. The second is chernukha (gore)—the fascination with violence, sex, and the darker, hidden sides of Soviet/Russian society that went hand-in-hand with glasnost. The third is the blurring of the boundaries between underground and mainstream culture that occurred during this period. The essay shows that chernukha often degenerated into sheer surrealism, while a taste for the overtly violent, sexual, politically incorrect, and absurd became the source of a specific form of national identity. Drawing on Agamben, Foucault, and Arendt, the author argues that this surreal physicality reflects a “biopolitical essence” of the post-Soviet transition defining the exercise of power as total control over bare life and a prolonged “state of exception.” A biopolitical framing further reveals the continuity between Yeltsin’s “shock therapy,” which immiserated an emergent middle class and starved an already ailing Russian countryside, and Putin’s “neoliberal authoritarianism.”